Modeling of reservoir overflow processes, erosion of an earth dam and development of an emergency situation in the downstream of a hydraulic structure
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33408/2519-237X.2025.9-3.375Keywords:
flow rate, flood, reservoir, pressure, water balance equation, flood hydrograph, forecast, accident, hydraulic structure, earth damAbstract
Purpose. Development and implementation of an integrated approach to modeling reservoir overflow processes, earth dam erosion, and emergency development in the downstream of a hydraulic structure.
Methods. Modeling processes using calculation methods including the water balance equation for assessing reservoir overflow, a two-stage process of earth dam erosion taking into account changes in its profile shape, and the Saint-Venant equation for modeling the breakthrough wave motion in the downstream.
Findings. An integrated approach has been developed to model the development of an emergency at a hydraulic structure as a result of reservoir overflow, water overflow over the crest, and earth structure erosion. Based on the obtained hydrograph of eroded discharges in the earth dam section, the parameters of the breakthrough wave, flood zones, and levels in the downstream of the hydraulic structure have been determined. The developed integrated approach was tested in the development of design documentation for the reconstruction of the hydroelectric complex in the city of Oshmyany, with modeling of reservoir overflow processes and determination of the flooding boundaries of the downstream territories depending on the different capacity of the spillway structure.
Application field of research. The scope of the research results covers several key areas related to ensuring the safety of hydraulic structures and forecasting possible emergency situations. In particular: design and operation of hydraulic structures, assessment of the stability of old hydraulic structures, and prevention of emergency situations. Assessment of potential damage to ecosystems and settlements located in risk zones. The results can also be used to develop regulatory legal acts, standards and recommendations on the safety of hydraulic structures and zoning of territories exposed to the threat of flooding.
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