Formation and development of All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection

Abstract

Purpose: The article is devoted to the 80th anniversary of the All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection (VNIIPO). Methods: The history of the Institute is considered step by step: the pre-war period, the years of the Great Patriotic War, post-war period as well as the period from 1960s to the present time. Findings: It is established that in the pre-war period the Institute researched in the field of fire fighting equipment, prevention, hydraulics, fire water supply, foam and gas fire extinguishing, fire communication and alarm systems, fire protection of flammable materials, fire resistance of building structures, fire and explosion hazard of wiring accessories, fire hazard of liquid and solid substances. During the war the Institute was engaged in fire protection of military vehicles as well as defence and civil objects, settlements, fire protection of materials for manufacturing army uniform and munitions, creation of extinguishing agents, incendiary ammunitions. The post-war period and the period from 1960s to the present time is the development of new types of fire equipment, including robotics, new extinguishing agents and fire suppression methods as well as fire protection of objects of different purposes including connected with space, production of solid rocket fuels, explosives, pyrotechnic compositions and other activities. Application field of research: The given data can be used in the study of the history of VNIIPO and fire service in general. Conclusions: For last 80 years scientists of VNIIPO have made a huge contribution to fire safety in our country. It is developed and produced a huge number of fire equipment, fire protection means, fire extinguishing agents, personal protective equipment as well as means for rescuing people in fires and other emergencies.