The educational and scientific nanotechnology laboratory of the St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia: the history of creation and the main directions of activity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33408/2519-237X.2018.2-3.403Keywords:
micro world, nanotechnology, nanotechnology educational laboratory, carbon nanotubes, nanoscale component, fire extinguishing, scanning probe microscopy, probe nanolithography, expert methodology, nanosafetyAbstract
Purpose. The purpose of the development of a new direction in scientific activity of the University is the elaboration of new methods of using nanotechnologies for urgent scientific and practical problems solving in the Ministry of EMERCOM of Russia in the field of fire safety and criminalist expertise.
Methods. For the growth of multilayer nanotubes, chemical vapor deposition technologies have been e used. Adsorption and electrophysical methods, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning probe microscopy methods have been used to synthesize materials modified by carbon nanocomponents and to study their operational characteristics.
Findings. Experimental data on operational characteristics of modified hydrogels and nanomodified fire-retardant intumescent compositions in hydrocarbon fire conditions have been obtained; as well as the data on fire-extinguishing properties of hydrogels-carbon nanostructures in comparison with water. Methods for controlling the electrostatic properties of hydrocarbon liquids and the processes of vaporization of flammable liquids are proposed.
Application field of research. The obtained results confirm the possibility of practical use of modified nanostructures for oil product tanks thermal protection and their extinguishing; increase of facilities and transportation safety of flammable liquids; reduction of hydrocarbon fire risks.
Conclusions. The methods for synthesizing nanostructures and researching their operational characteristics for practical use in the field of fire safety and criminalist expertise are proposed.
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