Changes in operational indicator characteristics of the cardiovascular system of firefighter-rescuers defining the risk group
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33408/2519-237X.2024.8-1.81Keywords:
firefighters, cardiovascular system, blood pressure, heart rate, stress index, emergencyAbstract
Purpose. Determination of operational indicator characteristics of the cardiovascular system of fire-rescuers after going on duty, the training process and liquidation of an emergency to identify a risk group.
Methods. The characteristics of the oxygen transport system were studied: heart rate; systolic and diastolic pressure (SBP and DBP); pulse pressure (PP); blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), stress index (SI) of fire rescuers and fire truck drivers (comparison group) working in Khabarovsk. The functional characteristics of heart rate, SpO2, SI were measured using the Angioscan-01P device; SBP, DBP by Korotkov method using a device for measuring blood pressure (BP) OmronM2 Eco. Anthropometric morphological indicators: height (H) and body mass (BM) were measured using a «Tvesm RP height meter» and a «VMEN-150-50/100-D2-A» floor scale. Calculated indicators are presented: PP and body mass index (BMI).
Findings. A tendency towards heigh H and BM indicators among drivers of fire trucks (group B) was determined. In all groups, BMI corresponds to the upper limit of the physiological norm and can be considered, taking into account the ±m range, as increased BM due to excess nutrition. Analysis of the indicator characteristics of the cardiovascular system (CVS) of fire-rescuers (group A) revealed that after going on duty (08.30) some indicators were above the standard limit, especially PP, which is consistent with the concept of functional-metabolic adaptation, which manifests itself before execution work for people associated with extreme loads. After training, most CVS indicators were practically restored to their original values. However, during training, PP increased, and after 60 min after trainig there was no PP recovery. A disadaptive change in PP after the elimination of an emergency is an indicator of a lag in the processes of restoring the balance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and can lead to headaches, disorientation, and temporary inability to make decisions. The most operational characteristic that determines the state of the fire fighters’ body when performing extreme loads is PP, which can be taken into account when admitting them to training and emergency response.
Application field of research. The results of the study can be put into practice in the form of proposals for carrying out preventive indication of PP and SI before going on shift to determine the risk group and ocorrective actions.
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