Development of methods of ensuring fire safety of general ventilation systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33408/2519-237X.2024.8-3.367Keywords:
regulation, fire safety, general ventilation systems, fire resistance, ductwork, testingAbstract
Purpose. To conduct a retrospective analysis of fire safety design regulations for general ventilation systems, as well as fire resistance testing methods for ductwork; to determine the significance of the concept of fire resistance within the fire safety framework for general ventilation systems.
Methods. The retrospective analysis was conducted based on regulatory documents and standards published for the past 100 years. International and domestic fire resistance testing standards for general ventilation systems were compared.
Findings. Fires associated with general ventilation systems are quite rare events that carry serious potential consequences, and the level of these consequences cannot be classified as negligible. In most cases, measures to eliminate these consequences can be provided for and standardized, however, the rare nature of these events and the complexity of general ventilation systems led to a rather long and difficult period of formation of the fire safety regulation system in the field of ventilation systems. Fire resistance of general ventilation ductwork, along with the installation of fire dampers, is one of the key aspects of limiting the spread of fire outside the service area. The results of the research allowed the authors to prepare proposals for Amendment No. 3 to State Standards of the Republic of Belarus 11.03.01-2009 (May 2024), which provides for the possibility of conducting tests and criteria for assessing/extending the results to ventilation systems with an air duct side longer than 1600 mm. Refinement of the existing test method for air ducts made it possible to formulate rules for extrapolation (distribution) of test results for air ducts of a similar tested design with a side length from 1000 to 1600 mm.
Application field of research. The obtained results can be implemented in the system of fire safety regulation and standardization, in terms of concerning fire safety requirements for general ventilation systems, testing methods for ductwork for fire resistance and dissemination of test results.
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