Modeling of visibility in a room under fire conditions with application of the FDS software complex
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33408/2519-237X.2018.2-2.147Keywords:
modeling, visibility, smoke-forming ability, smoke yield, experimental studiesAbstract
Purpose. The article is devoted to comparing the results of visibility measurements in smoke conditions with simulation results in the FDS, as well as the influence of the choice of the specific mass extinction coefficient on the results of modeling the smoke optical properties and the time of the onset of the critical value of visibility loss in fire conditions.
Methods. Modeling the smoke in the room using the computational fluid dynamics model (CFD).
Findings. The performed simulation showed that when calculating the time of loss of visibility in a room during smoke, it depends on the specific extinction coefficient σs, which is used to determine the soot yield Ys in the FDS. The best convergence with the experimental data has the values of Ys, determined with an individual for a particular fire load.
Application field of research. The results can be applied in modeling fires.
Conclusions. It is advisable to use the values of σs for the material individually when calculating Ys. This will improve the accuracy of calculations using the FDS. Determination of the possibility of converting the smoke production factor Dm to Ys by solving the analytical equation makes it possible for the subsequent application of the available data array on the smoke-forming capacity of various materials in modeling the process of changing the visibility in smoke. The lack of consideration of the physical model of smoke in assessing visibility under fire conditions and, accordingly, in determining the time of onset of loss of visibility, implemented in engineering calculations of fire risks, may lead to incorrect determination of this parameter. The use of the value of σs for the materials in calculating fire risks allows obtaining more accurate values.
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