Methodology for assessing the impact of building facade design on fire propagation through exterior envelopes to overlying floors

Abstract

Purpose. On the basis of theoretical and experimental studies to develop a test methodology for assessing the impact of structural solutions of building facades on the spread of fire through the exterior envelope to the overlying floors.

Methods. Review, analysis and comparison of the results of experimental and theoretical studies conducted in the field of fire propagation through the exterior envelope of buildings and structures.

Findings. A review of scientific and regulatory literature on the design of facade structural solutions that affect the spread of fire to the overlying floors, as well as the features of methods for assessing their fire resistance and fire hazard has been carried out. Classification indicators of structural solutions affecting the fire spread on the facades of buildings were determined. On the basis of the obtained data the methodology of testing to assess the impact of structural solutions of building facades on the spread of fire through the exterior envelope structures on the overlying floors is developed. The general provisions, purpose and objectives of the test methodology are formulated. The parameters of the building test fragments are determined. Estimated fire scenarios (time of fire impact, location of the hearth, type and quantity of fire load, ignition source) are determined. The parameters influencing the fire dynamics were evaluated and the parameters to be recorded during the tests were determined, as well as the criteria for reaching the limit state of fire resistance of facade structural solutions.

Application field of research. Development and improvement of building code requirements. Design and construction of multi-storey and high-rise buildings.