Engineering method for determining fire safety spacing between buildings with gable roofs made of combustible materials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33408/2519-237X.2025.9-2.139Keywords:
fire safety spacing, geometric parameters of flame, configuration factor, experimental studies, modelingAbstract
Purpose. To develop a scientifically grounded engineering method for determining fire separation distances between residential buildings with gable roofs made of combustible materials, taking into account the shape of roof and geometric parameters of the radiating surface.
Methods. Analysis of experimental data on the area of the radiating surface, temperature fields at distances ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 m both vertically and horizontally from an experimental fragment of a gable roof, as well as heat flux density. Numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer and radiative heat exchange processes using the ANSYS Fluent computational fluid dynamics solver.
Findings. It was found that during the combustion of the gable end, a triangular radiating surface is formed, which fundamentally differs from the existing calculation model based on rectangular radiating surfaces. Experimental dependencies were obtained for the variation of temperature, heat flux density, and radiating surface area over the duration of the fire. A numerical calculation model was developed, enabling the acquisition of new data without full-scale fire tests. Analytical relationships were established between the geometric parameters of the roof and the height of the radiating surface.
Application field of research. Determination of the size of fire safety spacing between buildings with gable roofs made of combustible materials. Design of low-rise residential buildings, in terms of assessing fire safety spacing between buildings and structures, as well as the development and updating of technical regulatory legal acts in the field of fire safety. The results of the study are of practical interest to engineering organisations, design institutes, workers of the Ministry for Emergency Situations, and scientific and educational institutions.
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